Spell 222 of Pyramid Texts as “dialogic” liturgy
Main Article Content
Abstract
The variety of liturgies that make up the Pyramid Texts converges in ensuring the ingress of the pharaoh into the corporation of the gods. The so-called sacerdotal texts, among which is the sequence PT 213-222, is part of the so-called Resurrection Ritual Group, which complemented the materiality of regeneration (food and drink, weapons, clothes, standards, etc.). In these resurrection texts it was the ritualistic priests who mediated at the behest of Pharaoh, which is why they are expressed in the third person. The particular case of PT 222 implies an alternation between the second and third persons on whom the priest officiates the liturgy. Although PT 222 is part of a larger liturgy, it is the only statement of the whole in which this “dialogical” relationship is established in the midst of a preparatory priestly introduction and an ascent and union with the sun god. An analysis of this particular utterance is what we propose in this article.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Works are released under Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional License which provides unrestricted use, copy and redistribution in any medium or format and remix, transform and build upon the original work properly cited. The Creative Commons License stipulates that: "You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work)."
References
Allen, J. P. (1984). The inflection of the verb in the Pyramid Texts. Malibu: Undena Publications.
Allen, J. P. (1994). Reading a Pyramid. En C. Berger y N. Grimal (Eds.), Hommages à Jean Leclant, C. Berger et al. (Ed.), vol. 1, Institut français d´archéologie orientale Press, Le Caire.
Allen, J. P. (2006). The Egyptian Coffin Texts. Middle Kingdom Copies of Pyramid Texts. Volume 8. Oriental Institute Publications, Volume 132. Chicago: Universidad de Chicago.
Allen, J. P. (2017). A Grammar of the Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Texts. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbauns. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781575067537
Altenmüller, H. (1972). Texte zum Begräbnisritual in den Pyramiden des Alten Reiches, Ägyptologische Abhandlungen 24. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.
Assmann, J. (1990). Egyptian Mortuary Liturgies. En S. Israelit-Groll (Ed.), Studies in Egyptology Presented to Miriam Lichtheim, Magnes Press, vol. 1, Jerusalem, 1-45.
Barta, W. (1981). Die Bedeutung der Pyramidentexten für der verstorbenen König. München Berlin: Deutscher Kunstverlag GmbH.
Erman, A. y Grapow, H. (1971). Wörterbuch der Ägyptischen Sprache. 5 Vols. Berlin: Akademie Verlag. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112612903
Faulkner, R. (1998). The Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Texts. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Frankfort, H. (1974). Kingship and the Gods. A Study of Ancient Near East Religion as the Integration of Society & Nature. University of Chicago Press.
Goebs, K. (2008). Crowns in early Egyptian Funerary Literature. Royalty Rebirth and Destruction. Griffith Institute Monographs. Oxford Griffith Institute.
Gundacker, R. (2010). Königliche Pyramidentexte im Mittleren Reich? Zur Herkunft und zu einigen Besonderheiten der Pyramidentexte Sesostrisanchs. Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur, 39, 121-140.
Hannig, R. (2002). Lexikon der Ägyptischen Götter und Götterbezeichnungen. Band VI. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 115.
Hays, H. (2006). Typological Structure of the Pyramid Texts and its Continuities with Middle Kingdom Mortuary Literature (Tesis doctoral). Universidad de Chicago.
Hays, H. y Schenk, W. (2007). Intersection of Ritual Space and Ritual Representation: Pyramid Texts in Dynasty 18 Theban Tombs. En P. F. Dorman y B. M. Bryan (Eds.), Sacred Spaces and Sacred Function in Ancient Thebes (pp. 97-115). Chicago: Oriental Institute of Chicago.
Hays, H. (2009). Old Kingdom Sacerdotal Texts. Jaarbericht van het Vooraziatisch-Egyptisch Genootschap “Ex Oriente Lux”. Leiden.
Hays, H. (2012). The Organization of the Pyramid Texts: Typology and Disposition. Probleme der Ägyptologie 31. Leiden-Boston: E. J. Brill. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26530/OAPEN_421591
Hussein, R. (1994). The Saite Pyramid Texts Copies in the Memphite and Heliopolitan shaft-tombs:A Study of their Selection and Layout (Tesis doctoral). Universidad de Brown.
Kahl, J. (1999). Siut-Theben: zur Wertschätzung von Traditionen im alten Ägypten. Leiden: E. J. Brill. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004675452
Leclant, J., Berger-El Naggar, C. y Pierre-Croisiau, I. (2001). Les textes de la pyramid de Pépy I er, 2 vols. Memoires publiés par les Membres de l'Institut Français d'archéologie orientale du Caire 118. Cairo: Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale.
Mathieu, B. (2017). Re-reading the Pyramids. Quelques repères pour une lecture spatialisée des Textes des Pyramides. En S. Bickel y L. Diaz-Iglesias (Ed.), Studies in Ancient Egyptian Funerary Literature (pp. 375-462). Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 257.
Meuer, G. (2002). Die Feinde des Königs in den Pyramidentexten. Freiburg, Switzerland / Göttingen: Universitätsverlag / Vandenhoeck Ruprecht.
Morales, A. (2017). Unraveling the Thread. Transmission and Reception of Pyramid Texts in Late Period Egypt. En S. Bickel y L. Diaz-Iglesias (Eds.), Studies in Ancient Egyptian Funerary Literature (pp. 463-496), Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 257.
Osing, J. (1986). Zur Disposition der Pyramidentexte des Unas. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Abteilung Kairo 42 (pp. 131-144). Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.
Piankoff, A. (1968). The Pyramid of Unas. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Rotsch, H. (2019). Der Gott Nun und die Mythologische Topographie der Unterwelt. Der Nun am Westhorizont (Tesis doctoral). Universidad de Heidelberg.
Schott, S. (1964). Mythe und Mythebildung im Alten Ägypten. Untersuchungen zur Geschichte und Altertumskunde Ägyptens 15. Hildesheim: George Olms Verlagbuchhandlung.
Sethe, K. (1908-1922). Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte nach den Papierabdrücken und Photographien des Berliner Museums, 4 vols. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs.
Sethe, K. (1932). Übersetzung und Kommentar zu den Altägyotischen Pyramidentexten. Glückstadt y Hamburgo: J. J. Augustin.
Spiegel, J. (1953). “Die religionsgeschichtliche Stellung der Pyramidentexte”. Orientalia, Nova Series, 22(2), 129-157.
Spiegel, J. (1981). Die Bedeutung der Pyramidentexte für den verstorbenen König. Münchner Ägyptologische Studien 39. Berlin, Munich: Deutscher Kunstverlag.
Tobin, A. (1993). Divine Conflict in the Pyramid Texts. Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, 30, 93-110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/40000229